Upon installation, most applications that rely on network connections will register an application profile within UFW, which enables users to quickly allow or deny external access to a service. Allowing the OpenSSH UFW Application Profile If you’re using a cloud server, you will probably want to allow incoming SSH connections so you can connect to and manage your server. This means that you’ll need to create rules that explicitly allow legitimate incoming connections - SSH or HTTP connections, for example - if you want your server to respond to those types of requests. If you were to enable your UFW firewall now, it would deny all incoming connections. These firewall defaults alone might suffice for a personal computer, but servers typically need to respond to incoming requests from outside users. These commands set the defaults to deny incoming and allow outgoing connections. (be sure to update your rules accordingly) OutputDefault outgoing policy changed to 'allow' To set the default UFW incoming policy to deny, run: To make sure you’ll be able to follow along with the rest of this tutorial, you’ll now set up your UFW default policies for incoming and outgoing traffic. Additional rules to allow specific services and ports are included as exceptions to this general policy. This means anyone trying to reach your server would not be able to connect, while any application within the server would be able to reach the outside world. These rules control how to handle traffic that does not explicitly match any other rules.īy default, UFW is set to deny all incoming connections and allow all outgoing connections. If you’re just getting started with UFW, a good first step is to check your default firewall policies. ![]() When UFW is enabled in a later step of this guide, it will be configured to write both IPv4 and IPv6 firewall rules. If you’re using nano, you can do that by typing CTRL+X, then Y and ENTER to confirm. Then make sure the value of IPV6 is set to yes. Open this file using nano or your favorite command line editor: To make sure IPv6 is enabled, you can check your UFW configuration file at /etc/default/ufw. In practice that means most firewall rules added to the server will include both an IPv4 and an IPv6 version, the latter identified by v6 within the output of UFW’s status command. In recent versions of Ubuntu, IPv6 is enabled by default. If it has been uninstalled for some reason, you can install it with sudo apt install ufw. One Ubuntu 18.04 server with a sudo non-root user, which you can set up by following Steps 1–3 in the Initial Server Setup with Ubuntu 18.04 tutorial.This tutorial will show you how to set up a firewall with UFW on Ubuntu 18.04. If you’re looking to get started securing your network, and you’re not sure which tool to use, UFW may be the right choice for you. ![]() While iptables is a solid and flexible tool, it can be difficult for beginners to learn how to use it to properly configure a firewall. UFW, or Uncomplicated Firewall, is an interface to iptables that is geared towards simplifying the process of configuring a firewall.
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